Benefits of Fish Oil (Cont.)

 
Age-Related Benefits of Fish Oil
Fish oil may help reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration, osteoporosis, strokes, and heart attacks. However, it is not clear if fish oil is useful in preventing Alzheimer's disease or cancer.
 

How Does Fish Oil Work?

It is thought that omega-3 fatty acids are the active compounds in fish oil. These fatty acids in fish oil include eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These omega-3 fatty acids have various effects on the body, such as:
 
  • Decreasing inflammation -- Omega-3 fatty acids seem to decrease inflammation in the body by suppressing a specific enzyme (COX-2) and inflammatory chemicals, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
     
  • Lowering triglycerides -- Omega-3 fatty acids can help to lower triglyceride levels.
     
  • Preventing blood clots and lowering blood pressure -- Omega-3 fatty acids decrease the production of a chemical called thromboxane A2. This chemical causes blood platelets to stick together (which encourages blood clots) and increases blood pressure. Because omega-3 fatty acids decrease thromboxane A2, they can "thin" the blood (perhaps preventing blood clots) and lower blood pressure.
     

Fish Oil Use in Children

Fish oil is safe for children when consumed in normal food amounts (from fish). However, some fish (and, therefore, some fish oil supplements) are contaminated with heavy metals and other toxins, which may be especially dangerous for children. Do not give your child fish oil supplements without the approval of your child's healthcare provider.
 
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Written by/reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD; Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD;